The European import value of stone fruit from developing countries increased annually until 2013, but slowed down in 2014 due to the Russian embargo. Developing countries mainly supply Europe counter-seasonal in winter months, because Southern European countries produce lots of stone fruit. Special qualities or new varieties such as Paraquayos can be promising.

Contents:

• Introduction
• Site SelectionSoils
• Cultivar Selection
• Rootstocks
• Orchard Design
• When and How to Plant
• Planting a Fruit Tree
• Pest, Disease, and Weed Control
• Pruning and Training for Tree Development
• Harvesting
• Post-Harvest Handling
• Potential Markets
• Resources

Temperate fruit and nut species require exposure to chilling conditions in winter to break dormancy and produce high yields. Adequate winter chill is an important site characteristic for commercial orchard operations, and quantifying chill is crucial for orchard management. Climate change may impact winter chill. With a view to adapting orchards to climate change, this review assesses the state of knowledge in modelling winter chill and the performance of various modelling approaches.

This guide covers multiple states and production areas. Pest problems vary across the Southeast. Pesticide rates are a guideline. Exceptions are noted for specific locations and pests, but this guide does not list every exception. Listed pesticides may not be registered for the uses recommended here in all states. 

 
Revised annually, this guide provides spraying schedules for insect and disease pests of apple, pear, cherry, peach and plum trees. You will find safety tips, hints for figuring chemical application rates, and discussions about most pests that attack Missouri fruit trees.
The guide's reference format facilitates locating specific fruit and disease information quickly. Each entry includes chemical material, rate per 100 gallon, rate per acre and comments for each pest/problem.